প্রিয় শিক্ষার্থী, আজ আমরা Simple Past Tense-এর Active Voice এবং Passive Voice নিয়ে বিস্তারিত শিখব। Active Voice-এ Subject নিজে কাজ করেছিল। Passive Voice-এ Object-টি Subject হয়ে যায় এবং কাজটি হয়েছিল বোঝানো হয়। যেমন:
Active: I ate rice. – আমি ভাত খেয়েছিলাম।
Passive: Rice was eaten by me. – আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়েছিল।
Active: She read a book. – সে একটি বই পড়েছিল।
Passive: A book was read by her. – তার দ্বারা একটি বই পড়া হয়েছিল।
এই ক্লাসে তোমরা Simple Past Tense-এর Active-Passive গঠন, নিয়ম, positive, negative, interrogative, imperative, optative, exclamatory, modal, contraction, ধাপে ধাপে বড় বাক্য তৈরি, phrasal verb এবং মজার exercise শিখবে।
Hello, kids! Welcome to ToLearnTeam.com. Today’s topic is Active-Passive of Simple Past Tense in full detail. You will learn structure, positive, negative, interrogative, imperative, optative, exclamatory, modals, contractions, step-by-step sentence building, and practice with fun exercises.
2. Learning Objectives
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:
Identify Active and Passive Voice in Simple Past Tense.
Know the basic passive structure: Object + was/were + V3 + by + Subject.
Use was/were correctly with singular and plural subjects.
Change positive, negative, and interrogative sentences.
Change imperative, optative, and exclamatory sentences into passive.
Use all modals in past passive: could, should, might, must, may.
Use contractions like wasn’t, weren’t, didn’t in passive.
Build longer sentences step by step.
Learn 30 daily life active-passive examples with Bangla meaning and pronunciation.
Practice with fun exercises.
3. Active vs Passive Voice in Simple Past
Active Voice (কর্তৃবাচ্য) in Simple Past shows that the subject did the action in the past.
Passive Voice (কর্মবাচ্য) shows that the action was done to the subject.
Imperative sentences in Simple Past passive use Let + object + be + V3 (same as present) or You are requested/asked to have + V3.
Active Imperative → Passive
Active Imperative
Passive (Let form)
Passive (Request form)
Bangla Meaning
Eat rice.
Let rice be eaten.
You were asked to eat rice.
ভাত খাওয়া হোক।
Open the door.
Let the door be opened.
You were requested to open the door.
দরজাটি খোলা হোক।
Read the book.
Let the book be read.
You were asked to read the book.
বইটি পড়া হোক।
Clean the room.
Let the room be cleaned.
You were requested to clean the room.
ঘরটি পরিষ্কার করা হোক।
Drink milk.
Let milk be drunk.
You were asked to drink milk.
দুধ পান করা হোক।
Negative Imperative
Active Negative Imperative
Passive Negative
Bangla Meaning
Do not eat rice.
Let not rice be eaten.
ভাত খাওয়া না হোক।
Do not open the door.
Let not the door be opened.
দরজাটি খোলা না হোক।
Do not clean the room.
Let not the room be cleaned.
ঘরটি পরিষ্কার করা না হোক।
7. Optative Sentences in Passive
Optative sentences express wish, prayer, or blessing about past. Passive structure: May + Object + have been + V3 + by + Subject.
Active Optative
Passive Optative
Bangla Meaning
May God have blessed you.
May you have been blessed by God.
তুমি ঈশ্বরের দ্বারা আশীর্বাদিত হয়েছিলে (এমন কামনা)।
May she have won the prize.
May the prize have been won by her.
তার দ্বারা পুরস্কারটি জেতা হয়ে থাকুক।
May he have passed the exam.
May the exam have been passed by him.
তার দ্বারা পরীক্ষাটি পাস হয়ে থাকুক।
May we have helped the poor.
May the poor have been helped by us.
আমাদের দ্বারা গরিবরা সাহায্য পেয়ে থাকুক।
May you have got well soon.
May you have been got well soon.
তুমি শীঘ্রই সুস্থ হয়ে থাকো।
8. Exclamatory Sentences in Passive
Exclamatory sentences express strong feelings about past actions. Passive structure: What/How + Object + was/were + V3 + by + Subject + !
Active Exclamatory
Passive Exclamatory
Bangla Meaning
What a beautiful song she sang!
What a beautiful song was sung by her!
তার দ্বারা কী সুন্দর গান গাওয়া হয়েছিল!
What a nice picture he drew!
What a nice picture was drawn by him!
তার দ্বারা কী সুন্দর ছবি আঁকা হয়েছিল!
How fast he played football!
How fast football was played by him!
তার দ্বারা কত দ্রুত ফুটবল খেলা হয়েছিল!
What delicious food my mother cooked!
What delicious food was cooked by my mother!
আমার মায়ের দ্বারা কী সুস্বাদু খাবার রান্না হয়েছিল!
9. Passive with All Modals in Simple Past
Modal verbs in past passive use: Object + modal + have been + V3 + by + Subject. Common past modals are could, should, might, must, may.
Could (পারত/সম্ভাবনা)
Active
Passive
Bangla Meaning
He could play cricket.
Cricket could have been played by him.
তার দ্বারা ক্রিকেট খেলা হয়ে থাকতে পারত।
She could write a letter.
A letter could have been written by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি চিঠি লেখা হয়ে থাকতে পারত।
Should (উচিত)
Active
Passive
Bangla Meaning
We should eat vegetables.
Vegetables should have been eaten by us.
আমাদের দ্বারা সবজি খাওয়া উচিত ছিল।
He should help his mother.
His mother should have been helped by him.
তার দ্বারা তার মাকে সাহায্য করা উচিত ছিল।
Might (সম্ভাবনা)
Active
Passive
Bangla Meaning
She might sing a song.
A song might have been sung by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি গান গাওয়া হয়ে থাকতে পারে।
They might watch TV.
TV might have been watched by them.
তাদের দ্বারা টিভি দেখা হয়ে থাকতে পারে।
Must (অবশ্যই)
Active
Passive
Bangla Meaning
You must do your homework.
Your homework must have been done by you.
তোমার দ্বারা তোমার বাড়ির কাজ অবশ্যই হয়ে থাকবে।
She must clean the room.
The room must have been cleaned by her.
তার দ্বারা ঘরটি অবশ্যই পরিষ্কার হয়ে থাকবে।
May (অনুমতি/সম্ভাবনা)
Active
Passive
Bangla Meaning
He may open the door.
The door may have been opened by him.
তার দ্বারা দরজাটি খোলা হয়ে থাকতে পারে।
She may read the book.
The book may have been read by her.
তার দ্বারা বইটি পড়া হয়ে থাকতে পারে।
10. Contractions in Passive Voice
We can use contractions in negative passive sentences.
Full Form Passive Negative
Short Form Passive Negative
Bangla Meaning
Rice was not eaten by me.
Rice wasn’t eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়নি।
Books were not read by them.
Books weren’t read by them.
তাদের দ্বারা বই পড়া হয়নি।
A song was not sung by her.
A song wasn’t sung by her.
তার দ্বারা গান গাওয়া হয়নি।
Milk was not drunk by us.
Milk wasn’t drunk by us.
আমাদের দ্বারা দুধ পান করা হয়নি।
Football was not played by him.
Football wasn’t played by him.
তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হয়নি।
Rice could not have been eaten by me.
Rice couldn’t have been eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়ে থাকতে পারত না।
Homework should not have been done by him.
Homework shouldn’t have been done by him.
তার দ্বারা বাড়ির কাজ করা উচিত ছিল না।
Vegetables might not have been eaten by us.
Vegetables mightn’t have been eaten by us.
আমাদের দ্বারা সবজি খাওয়া হয়ে থাকতে পারে না।
11. 30 Daily Life Active-Passive Examples
Here are 30 daily life Simple Past Active-Passive examples.
#
Active Voice
Passive Voice
Bangla Meaning
1
I ate rice.
Rice was eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়েছিল।
2
She read a book.
A book was read by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি বই পড়া হয়েছিল।
3
He played football.
Football was played by him.
তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হয়েছিল।
4
We drank milk.
Milk was drunk by us.
আমাদের দ্বারা দুধ পান করা হয়েছিল।
5
They watched TV.
TV was watched by them.
তাদের দ্বারা টিভি দেখা হয়েছিল।
6
My mother cooked food.
Food was cooked by my mother.
আমার মায়ের দ্বারা খাবার রান্না হয়েছিল।
7
My father read newspaper.
Newspaper was read by my father.
আমার বাবার দ্বারা খবরের কাগজ পড়া হয়েছিল।
8
The cat drank milk.
Milk was drunk by the cat.
বিড়ালটির দ্বারা দুধ পান করা হয়েছিল।
9
The dog chased the cat.
The cat was chased by the dog.
কুকুরটির দ্বারা বিড়ালটি তাড়া করা হয়েছিল।
10
She sang a song.
A song was sung by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি গান গাওয়া হয়েছিল।
11
He wrote a letter.
A letter was written by him.
তার দ্বারা একটি চিঠি লেখা হয়েছিল।
12
They cleaned the house.
The house was cleaned by them.
তাদের দ্বারা ঘর পরিষ্কার করা হয়েছিল।
13
I did my homework.
My homework was done by me.
আমার দ্বারা আমার বাড়ির কাজ করা হয়েছিল।
14
She drew a picture.
A picture was drawn by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি ছবি আঁকা হয়েছিল।
15
He rode a bicycle.
A bicycle was ridden by him.
তার দ্বারা সাইকেল চালানো হয়েছিল।
16
My brother made a toy.
A toy was made by my brother.
আমার ভাইয়ের দ্বারা একটি খেলনা বানানো হয়েছিল।
17
My sister watered the plants.
The plants were watered by my sister.
আমার বোনের দ্বারা গাছে পানি দেওয়া হয়েছিল।
18
The baby drank milk.
Milk was drunk by the baby.
শিশুটির দ্বারা দুধ পান করা হয়েছিল।
19
She cleaned her room.
Her room was cleaned by her.
তার দ্বারা তার ঘর পরিষ্কার করা হয়েছিল।
20
He opened the window.
The window was opened by him.
তার দ্বারা জানালাটি খোলা হয়েছিল।
21
The teacher taught us.
We were taught by the teacher.
শিক্ষকের দ্বারা আমাদের পড়ানো হয়েছিল।
22
She sang a beautiful song.
A beautiful song was sung by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি সুন্দর গান গাওয়া হয়েছিল।
23
They played cricket.
Cricket was played by them.
তাদের দ্বারা ক্রিকেট খেলা হয়েছিল।
24
I read an interesting book.
An interesting book was read by me.
আমার দ্বারা একটি মজার বই পড়া হয়েছিল।
25
He ate an apple.
An apple was eaten by him.
তার দ্বারা একটি আপেল খাওয়া হয়েছিল।
26
We learned English.
English was learned by us.
আমাদের দ্বারা ইংরেজি শেখা হয়েছিল।
27
She wore a red dress.
A red dress was worn by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি লাল পোশাক পরা হয়েছিল।
28
He caught the ball.
The ball was caught by him.
তার দ্বারা বলটি ধরা হয়েছিল।
29
They built a sandcastle.
A sandcastle was built by them.
তাদের দ্বারা একটি বালুর ঘর বানানো হয়েছিল।
30
I did not eat rice yesterday.
Rice was not eaten by me yesterday.
গতকাল আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়নি।
12. Word Power: Meaning & Bangla Pronunciation
Here is vocabulary related to Simple Past Active-Passive.
English Word
Part of Speech
Bangla Meaning
Pronunciation (Bangla)
active
Adjective
কর্তৃ
অ্যাক্টিভ
passive
Adjective
কর্ম
প্যাসিভ
voice
Noun
বাচ্য
ভয়েস
was
Auxiliary Verb
হয়েছিল
ওয়াজ
were
Auxiliary Verb
হয়েছিল
ওয়্যার
by
Preposition
দ্বারা
বাই
not
Adverb
না
নট
could
Modal Verb
পারত
কুড
should
Modal Verb
উচিত
শুড
might
Modal Verb
হতে পারে
মাইট
must
Modal Verb
অবশ্যই
মাস্ট
may
Modal Verb
পারা/অনুমতি
মে
let
Verb
করতে দেওয়া
লেট
requested
Verb (V3)
অনুরোধ করা
রিকোয়েস্টেড
asked
Verb (V3)
বলা
আস্কড
ate
Verb (V2)
খেয়েছিল
এইট/এট
eaten
Verb (V3)
খাওয়া হয়েছে
ইটেন
drank
Verb (V2)
পান করেছিল
ড্র্যাংক
drunk
Verb (V3)
পান করা হয়েছে
ড্রাংক
played
Verb (V2/V3)
খেলেছিল / খেলা হয়েছে
প্লেড
read
Verb (V2/V3)
পড়েছিল / পড়া হয়েছে
রেড
sang
Verb (V2)
গেয়েছিল
স্যাং
sung
Verb (V3)
গাওয়া হয়েছে
সাং
cooked
Verb (V2/V3)
রান্না করেছিল / রান্না হয়েছে
কুকড
watched
Verb (V2/V3)
দেখেছিল / দেখা হয়েছে
ওয়াচড
wrote
Verb (V2)
লিখেছিল
রোট
written
Verb (V3)
লেখা হয়েছে
রিটেন
cleaned
Verb (V2/V3)
পরিষ্কার করেছিল / পরিষ্কার হয়েছে
ক্লিনড
drew
Verb (V2)
এঁকেছিল
ড্রু
drawn
Verb (V3)
আঁকা হয়েছে
ড্রন
rode
Verb (V2)
চালিয়েছিল
রোড
ridden
Verb (V3)
চালানো হয়েছে
রিডেন
made
Verb (V2/V3)
বানিয়েছিল / বানানো হয়েছে
মেড
watered
Verb (V2/V3)
পানি দিয়েছিল / পানি দেওয়া হয়েছে
ওয়াটারড
opened
Verb (V2/V3)
খুলেছিল / খোলা হয়েছে
ওপেনড
taught
Verb (V2/V3)
পড়িয়েছিল / পড়ানো হয়েছে
টট
wore
Verb (V2)
পরেছিল
ওর
worn
Verb (V3)
পরা হয়েছে
ওর্ন
caught
Verb (V2/V3)
ধরেছিল / ধরা হয়েছে
কট
built
Verb (V2/V3)
বানিয়েছিল / বানানো হয়েছে
বিল্ট
learned
Verb (V2/V3)
শিখেছিল / শেখা হয়েছে
লার্নড
rice
Noun
ভাত
রাইস
book
Noun
বই
বুক
football
Noun
ফুটবল
ফুটবল
milk
Noun
দুধ
মিল্ক
TV
Noun
টিভি
টিভি
food
Noun
খাবার
ফুড
newspaper
Noun
খবরের কাগজ
নিউজপেপার
cat
Noun
বিড়াল
ক্যাট
dog
Noun
কুকুর
ডগ
song
Noun
গান
সং
letter
Noun
চিঠি
লেটার
house
Noun
ঘর
হাউস
picture
Noun
ছবি
পিকচার
bicycle
Noun
সাইকেল
বাইসাইকেল
toy
Noun
খেলনা
টয়
plants
Noun
গাছ
প্ল্যান্টস
window
Noun
জানালা
উইন্ডো
apple
Noun
আপেল
অ্যাপল
dress
Noun
পোশাক
ড্রেস
ball
Noun
বল
বল
sandcastle
Noun
বালুর ঘর
স্যান্ডকাসল
teacher
Noun
শিক্ষক
টিচার
mother
Noun
মা
মাদার
father
Noun
বাবা
ফাদার
brother
Noun
ভাই
ব্রাদার
sister
Noun
বোন
সিস্টার
baby
Noun
শিশু
বেবি
yesterday
Adverb
গতকাল
ইয়েস্টারডে
last night
Adverb Phrase
গত রাতে
লাস্ট নাইট
13. Phrasal Verbs in Simple Past Passive
Phrasal verbs can also be used in Simple Past Passive. Here are useful examples.
Phrasal Verb
Bangla Meaning
Active
Passive
turn on
চালু করা
He turned on the fan.
The fan was turned on by him.
turn off
বন্ধ করা
She turned off the TV.
The TV was turned off by her.
put on
পরা
He put on his shoes.
His shoes were put on by him.
take off
খোলা
She took off her coat.
Her coat was taken off by her.
pick up
কুড়িয়ে নেওয়া
He picked up the ball.
The ball was picked up by him.
clean up
পরিষ্কার করা
They cleaned up the room.
The room was cleaned up by them.
look after
যত্ন নেওয়া
She looked after her brother.
Her brother was looked after by her.
look for
খোঁজা
He looked for his pen.
His pen was looked for by him.
give up
ছেড়ে দেওয়া
She gave up junk food.
Junk food was given up by her.
throw away
ফেলে দেওয়া
He threw away the paper.
The paper was thrown away by him.
find out
খুঁজে বের করা
They found out the answer.
The answer was found out by them.
hand in
জমা দেওয়া
I handed in my homework.
My homework was handed in by me.
wake up
ঘুম থেকে জাগানো
Mother woke up the children.
The children were woken up by mother.
write down
লিখে রাখা
He wrote down the notes.
The notes were written down by him.
send back
ফেরত পাঠানো
She sent back the gift.
The gift was sent back by her.
14. Make Sentences Larger Step by Step
Kids can make Simple Past active sentences larger and then change to passive.
Example 1: Build Active “I ate rice” and Passive
Step
Active
Passive
What is Added
Bangla Meaning
1
I ate rice.
Rice was eaten by me.
Basic
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়েছিল।
2
I ate rice and fish.
Rice and fish were eaten by me.
Extra object
আমার দ্বারা ভাত ও মাছ খাওয়া হয়েছিল।
3
I ate rice and fish yesterday.
Rice and fish were eaten by me yesterday.
Time
গতকাল আমার দ্বারা ভাত ও মাছ খাওয়া হয়েছিল।
4
I ate rice and fish yesterday in the kitchen.
Rice and fish were eaten by me yesterday in the kitchen.
Place
গতকাল রান্নাঘরে আমার দ্বারা ভাত ও মাছ খাওয়া হয়েছিল।
5
I ate rice and fish yesterday in the kitchen with my family.
Rice and fish were eaten by me yesterday in the kitchen with my family.
Company
গতকাল রান্নাঘরে আমার পরিবারের সঙ্গে আমার দ্বারা ভাত ও মাছ খাওয়া হয়েছিল।
Word-by-word meaning for Step 5 Passive:
Word
Bangla Meaning
Pronunciation (Bangla)
Rice
ভাত
রাইস
and
এবং
অ্যান্ড
fish
মাছ
ফিশ
were
হয়েছিল
ওয়্যার
eaten
খাওয়া হয়েছে
ইটেন
by
দ্বারা
বাই
me
আমার
মি
yesterday
গতকাল
ইয়েস্টারডে
in
এ/তে
ইন
the
টি
দি
kitchen
রান্নাঘর
কিচেন
with
সঙ্গে
উইথ
my
আমার
মাই
family
পরিবার
ফ্যামিলি
Example 2: Build Active “She read a book”
Step
Active
Passive
Bangla Meaning
1
She read a book.
A book was read by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি বই পড়া হয়েছিল।
2
She read a storybook.
A storybook was read by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি গল্পের বই পড়া হয়েছিল।
3
She read an interesting storybook.
An interesting storybook was read by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি মজার গল্পের বই পড়া হয়েছিল।
4
She read an interesting storybook last night.
An interesting storybook was read by her last night.
গত রাতে তার দ্বারা একটি মজার গল্পের বই পড়া হয়েছিল।
5
She read an interesting storybook last night in her room.
An interesting storybook was read by her last night in her room.
গত রাতে তার ঘরে তার দ্বারা একটি মজার গল্পের বই পড়া হয়েছিল।
Example 3: Build Active “He played football”
Step
Active
Passive
Bangla Meaning
1
He played football.
Football was played by him.
তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হয়েছিল।
2
He played football in the field.
Football was played by him in the field.
মাঠে তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হয়েছিল।
3
He played football in the big field.
Football was played by him in the big field.
বড় মাঠে তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হয়েছিল।
4
He played football in the big field yesterday afternoon.
Football was played by him in the big field yesterday afternoon.
গতকাল বিকেলে বড় মাঠে তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হয়েছিল।
5
He played football in the big field yesterday afternoon with his friends.
Football was played by him in the big field yesterday afternoon with his friends.
গতকাল বিকেলে বড় মাঠে তার বন্ধুদের সঙ্গে তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হয়েছিল।
15. Negative and WH Question Examples
Negative Sentences in Active and Passive
Active Negative
Passive Negative
Bangla Meaning
I did not eat rice.
Rice was not eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়নি।
She did not sing a song.
A song was not sung by her.
তার দ্বারা গান গাওয়া হয়নি।
He did not play football.
Football was not played by him.
তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হয়নি।
We did not drink milk.
Milk was not drunk by us.
আমাদের দ্বারা দুধ পান করা হয়নি।
They did not watch TV.
TV was not watched by them.
তাদের দ্বারা টিভি দেখা হয়নি।
Interrogative Sentences in Active and Passive
Active Question
Passive Question
Bangla Meaning
Did you eat rice?
Was rice eaten by you?
তোমার দ্বারা কি ভাত খাওয়া হয়েছিল?
Did she sing a song?
Was a song sung by her?
তার দ্বারা কি একটি গান গাওয়া হয়েছিল?
Did he play football?
Was football played by him?
তার দ্বারা কি ফুটবল খেলা হয়েছিল?
Did we drink milk?
Was milk drunk by us?
আমাদের দ্বারা কি দুধ পান করা হয়েছিল?
Did they watch TV?
Was TV watched by them?
তাদের দ্বারা কি টিভি দেখা হয়েছিল?
WH Questions in Passive
WH Question (Active)
WH Question (Passive)
Bangla Meaning
What did you eat?
What was eaten by you?
তোমার দ্বারা কী খাওয়া হয়েছিল?
What did she read?
What was read by her?
তার দ্বারা কী পড়া হয়েছিল?
Where did they play football?
Where was football played by them?
তাদের দ্বারা কোথায় ফুটবল খেলা হয়েছিল?
Who sang this song?
By whom was this song sung?
কার দ্বারা এই গানটি গাওয়া হয়েছিল?
Why did he open the window?
Why was the window opened by him?
তার দ্বারা কেন জানালাটি খোলা হয়েছিল?
16. Exercise Section
Exercise 1: Identify Active or Passive Voice
Write Active or Passive for each sentence.
Sentence
Voice
I ate rice.
Rice was eaten by me.
She read a book.
A book was read by her.
They watched TV.
TV was watched by them.
He played football.
Football was played by him.
Exercise 2: Change Active to Passive
Active
Passive
I ate rice.
She read a book.
He played football.
We drank milk.
They watched TV.
My mother cooked food.
Exercise 3: Change Passive to Active
Passive
Active
Rice was eaten by me.
A book was read by her.
Football was played by him.
Milk was drunk by us.
TV was watched by them.
Exercise 4: Fill in the Blanks with was/were
Rice ______ eaten by me.
A book ______ read by her.
Football ______ played by him.
Milk ______ drunk by us.
TV ______ watched by them.
The plants ______ watered by my sister.
Exercise 5: Change to Negative and Interrogative Passive
Passive Positive
Passive Negative
Passive Interrogative
Rice was eaten by me.
A book was read by her.
Football was played by him.
Milk was drunk by us.
TV was watched by them.
Exercise 6: Change Modal Active to Passive
Active
Passive
He could play cricket.
She should help her mother.
They might watch TV.
You must do your homework.
She may sing a song.
17. Answer Key
Exercise 1
Sentence
Voice
I ate rice.
Active
Rice was eaten by me.
Passive
She read a book.
Active
A book was read by her.
Passive
They watched TV.
Active
TV was watched by them.
Passive
He played football.
Active
Football was played by him.
Passive
Exercise 2
Active
Passive
I ate rice.
Rice was eaten by me.
She read a book.
A book was read by her.
He played football.
Football was played by him.
We drank milk.
Milk was drunk by us.
They watched TV.
TV was watched by them.
My mother cooked food.
Food was cooked by my mother.
Exercise 3
Passive
Active
Rice was eaten by me.
I ate rice.
A book was read by her.
She read a book.
Football was played by him.
He played football.
Milk was drunk by us.
We drank milk.
TV was watched by them.
They watched TV.
Exercise 4
was
was
was
was
was
were
Exercise 5
Passive Positive
Passive Negative
Passive Interrogative
Rice was eaten by me.
Rice was not eaten by me.
Was rice eaten by me?
A book was read by her.
A book was not read by her.
Was a book read by her?
Football was played by him.
Football was not played by him.
Was football played by him?
Milk was drunk by us.
Milk was not drunk by us.
Was milk drunk by us?
TV was watched by them.
TV was not watched by them.
Was TV watched by them?
Exercise 6
Active
Passive
He could play cricket.
Cricket could have been played by him.
She should help her mother.
Her mother should have been helped by her.
They might watch TV.
TV might have been watched by them.
You must do your homework.
Your homework must have been done by you.
She may sing a song.
A song may have been sung by her.
18. Conclusion
Great job, kids! Today you learned Active-Passive of Simple Past Tense in full detail. You know the basic structure, positive, negative, interrogative, imperative, optative, exclamatory, modals, and contractions. The passive structure is Object + was/were + V3 + by + Subject. For modals, use Object + modal + have been + V3 + by + Subject. You practiced building longer sentences step by step and using phrasal verbs.
Remember:
Use was + V3 for singular and were + V3 for plural in Simple Past passive.
Use Let + object + be + V3 for imperative.
Use May + object + have been + V3 for optative.
Use modal + have been + V3 for modal past passive.
