প্রিয় শিক্ষার্থী, আজ আমরা Present Indefinite, Past Indefinite, এবং Future Indefinite Tense-এর Active-Passive Voice-এর তুলনা শিখব। Active Voice-এ Subject নিজে কাজ করে, আর Passive Voice-এ Object-টি Subject হয়ে যায়। তিনটি Indefinite Tense-এ Passive গঠন আলাদা আলাদা হয়। যেমন:
Present Indefinite: Active: I eat rice. – আমি ভাত খাই। Passive: Rice is eaten by me. – আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়।
Past Indefinite: Active: I ate rice. – আমি ভাত খেয়েছিলাম। Passive: Rice was eaten by me. – আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়েছিল।
Future Indefinite: Active: I will eat rice. – আমি ভাত খাব। Passive: Rice will be eaten by me. – আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হবে।
এই ক্লাসে আমরা তিনটি Indefinite Tense-এর Active-Passive-এর গঠন, positive, negative, interrogative, imperative, optative, exclamatory, modal, contraction, ধাপে ধাপে বড় বাক্য তৈরি, phrasal verb এবং মজার exercise শিখব।
Hello, kids! Welcome to ToLearnTeam.com. Today’s topic is Comparison of Active-Passive of Present, Past and Future Indefinite Tense. You will learn the structures, positive, negative, interrogative, imperative, optative, exclamatory, modals, contractions, step-by-step sentence building, and practice with fun exercises.
2. Learning Objectives
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:
Identify Active and Passive Voice in Present, Past, and Future Indefinite Tenses.
Know the passive structures: am/is/are + V3, was/were + V3, will be + V3.
Change positive, negative, and interrogative sentences in all three tenses.
Change imperative, optative, and exclamatory sentences into passive.
Use all modals: can, may, must, should, could, might, will, shall.
Use contractions like isn’t, aren’t, wasn’t, weren’t, won’t.
Build longer sentences step by step.
Learn 30 daily life active-passive comparison examples with Bangla meaning and pronunciation.
Practice with fun exercises.
3. Comparison Chart: Active-Passive Structures
Here is a comparison chart for the three Indefinite Tenses.
Tense
Active Structure
Passive Structure
Example Active
Example Passive
Present Indefinite
Subject + base verb (+s/es) + Object
Object + am/is/are + V3 + by + Subject
I eat rice.
Rice is eaten by me.
Past Indefinite
Subject + V2 + Object
Object + was/were + V3 + by + Subject
I ate rice.
Rice was eaten by me.
Future Indefinite
Subject + will + base verb + Object
Object + will be + V3 + by + Subject
I will eat rice.
Rice will be eaten by me.
Key Point:
Present: is/am/are + V3
Past: was/were + V3
Future: will be + V3
4. Positive, Negative, Interrogative in Present, Past, Future Indefinite
Present Indefinite Tense
Type
Active
Passive
Bangla Meaning
Positive
I eat rice.
Rice is eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়।
Negative
I do not eat rice.
Rice is not eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয় না।
Interrogative
Do I eat rice?
Is rice eaten by me?
আমার দ্বারা কি ভাত খাওয়া হয়?
Past Indefinite Tense
Type
Active
Passive
Bangla Meaning
Positive
I ate rice.
Rice was eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়েছিল।
Negative
I did not eat rice.
Rice was not eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়নি।
Interrogative
Did I eat rice?
Was rice eaten by me?
আমার দ্বারা কি ভাত খাওয়া হয়েছিল?
Future Indefinite Tense
Type
Active
Passive
Bangla Meaning
Positive
I will eat rice.
Rice will be eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হবে।
Negative
I will not eat rice.
Rice will not be eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হবে না।
Interrogative
Will I eat rice?
Will rice be eaten by me?
আমার দ্বারা কি ভাত খাওয়া হবে?
Word-by-word meaning for “Rice is eaten by me” (Present):
Word
Bangla Meaning
Pronunciation (Bangla)
Rice
ভাত
রাইস
is
হয় (auxiliary)
ইজ
eaten
খাওয়া হয়েছে (V3)
ইটেন
by
দ্বারা
বাই
me
আমার
মি
5. Imperative Sentences in Passive
Imperative sentences give commands, requests, or advice. In passive, we use Let + object + be + V3 or You are requested/asked to + base verb.
All Three Indefinite Tenses (Imperative Passive)
Active Imperative
Passive (Let form)
Passive (Request form)
Bangla Meaning
Eat rice.
Let rice be eaten.
You are asked to eat rice.
ভাত খাওয়া হোক।
Open the door.
Let the door be opened.
You are requested to open the door.
দরজাটি খোলা হোক।
Read the book.
Let the book be read.
You are asked to read the book.
বইটি পড়া হোক।
Clean the room.
Let the room be cleaned.
You are requested to clean the room.
ঘরটি পরিষ্কার করা হোক।
Drink milk.
Let milk be drunk.
You are asked to drink milk.
দুধ পান করা হোক।
Negative Imperative
Active Negative Imperative
Passive Negative
Bangla Meaning
Do not eat rice.
Let not rice be eaten.
ভাত খাওয়া না হোক।
Do not open the door.
Let not the door be opened.
দরজাটি খোলা না হোক।
Do not clean the room.
Let not the room be cleaned.
ঘরটি পরিষ্কার করা না হোক।
6. Optative Sentences in Passive
Optative sentences express wish, prayer, or blessing. Passive structure: May + Object + be + V3 + by + Subject (for present/future wish) or May + Object + have been + V3 (for past wish).
Modal verbs in passive use: Object + modal + be + V3 + by + Subject (for present/future) and Object + modal + have been + V3 + by + Subject (for past possibility/advice).
Present/Future Modals Passive
Active
Passive
Bangla Meaning
She can sing a song.
A song can be sung by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি গান গাওয়া যেতে পারে।
He may open the door.
The door may be opened by him.
তার দ্বারা দরজাটি খোলা যেতে পারে।
You must do your homework.
Your homework must be done by you.
তোমার দ্বারা তোমার বাড়ির কাজ অবশ্যই করা উচিত।
We should eat vegetables.
Vegetables should be eaten by us.
আমাদের দ্বারা সবজি খাওয়া উচিত।
They might watch TV.
TV might be watched by them.
তাদের দ্বারা টিভি দেখা হতে পারে।
Past Modals Passive
Active
Passive
Bangla Meaning
He could play cricket.
Cricket could have been played by him.
তার দ্বারা ক্রিকেট খেলা হয়ে থাকতে পারত।
She should help her mother.
Her mother should have been helped by her.
তার দ্বারা তার মাকে সাহায্য করা উচিত ছিল।
They might watch TV.
TV might have been watched by them.
তাদের দ্বারা টিভি দেখা হয়ে থাকতে পারে।
You must do your homework.
Your homework must have been done by you.
তোমার দ্বারা তোমার বাড়ির কাজ অবশ্যই হয়ে থাকবে।
She may sing a song.
A song may have been sung by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি গান গাওয়া হয়ে থাকতে পারে।
9. Contractions in Passive Voice
We can use contractions in negative passive sentences.
Tense
Full Form Passive Negative
Short Form Passive Negative
Bangla Meaning
Present
Rice is not eaten by me.
Rice isn’t eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয় না।
Present
Books are not read by them.
Books aren’t read by them.
তাদের দ্বারা বই পড়া হয় না।
Past
Rice was not eaten by me.
Rice wasn’t eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়নি।
Past
Books were not read by them.
Books weren’t read by them.
তাদের দ্বারা বই পড়া হয়নি।
Future
Rice will not be eaten by me.
Rice won’t be eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হবে না।
Modal
A song cannot be sung by her.
A song can’t be sung by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি গান গাওয়া যেতে পারে না।
Modal
Homework must not be done by him.
Homework mustn’t be done by him.
তার দ্বারা বাড়ির কাজ করা উচিত নয়।
Modal
Vegetables should not be eaten by us.
Vegetables shouldn’t be eaten by us.
আমাদের দ্বারা সবজি খাওয়া উচিত নয়।
10. 30 Daily Life Active-Passive Examples in Three Indefinite Tenses
Here are 30 daily life examples: 10 Present, 10 Past, 10 Future. Each shows Active, Passive, and Bangla meaning.
Present Indefinite (10 Examples)
#
Active
Passive
Bangla Meaning
1
I eat rice.
Rice is eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়।
2
She reads a book.
A book is read by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি বই পড়া হয়।
3
He plays football.
Football is played by him.
তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হয়।
4
We drink milk.
Milk is drunk by us.
আমাদের দ্বারা দুধ পান করা হয়।
5
They watch TV.
TV is watched by them.
তাদের দ্বারা টিভি দেখা হয়।
6
My mother cooks food.
Food is cooked by my mother.
আমার মায়ের দ্বারা খাবার রান্না হয়।
7
The teacher teaches us.
We are taught by the teacher.
শিক্ষকের দ্বারা আমাদের পড়ানো হয়।
8
She sings a song.
A song is sung by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি গান গাওয়া হয়।
9
He writes a letter.
A letter is written by him.
তার দ্বারা একটি চিঠি লেখা হয়।
10
They clean the house.
The house is cleaned by them.
তাদের দ্বারা ঘর পরিষ্কার করা হয়।
Past Indefinite (10 Examples)
#
Active
Passive
Bangla Meaning
11
I ate rice.
Rice was eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়েছিল।
12
She read a book.
A book was read by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি বই পড়া হয়েছিল।
13
He played football.
Football was played by him.
তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হয়েছিল।
14
We drank milk.
Milk was drunk by us.
আমাদের দ্বারা দুধ পান করা হয়েছিল।
15
They watched TV.
TV was watched by them.
তাদের দ্বারা টিভি দেখা হয়েছিল।
16
My mother cooked food.
Food was cooked by my mother.
আমার মায়ের দ্বারা খাবার রান্না হয়েছিল।
17
The teacher taught us.
We were taught by the teacher.
শিক্ষকের দ্বারা আমাদের পড়ানো হয়েছিল।
18
She sang a song.
A song was sung by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি গান গাওয়া হয়েছিল।
19
He wrote a letter.
A letter was written by him.
তার দ্বারা একটি চিঠি লেখা হয়েছিল।
20
They cleaned the house.
The house was cleaned by them.
তাদের দ্বারা ঘর পরিষ্কার করা হয়েছিল।
Future Indefinite (10 Examples)
#
Active
Passive
Bangla Meaning
21
I will eat rice.
Rice will be eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হবে।
22
She will read a book.
A book will be read by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি বই পড়া হবে।
23
He will play football.
Football will be played by him.
তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হবে।
24
We will drink milk.
Milk will be drunk by us.
আমাদের দ্বারা দুধ পান করা হবে।
25
They will watch TV.
TV will be watched by them.
তাদের দ্বারা টিভি দেখা হবে।
26
My mother will cook food.
Food will be cooked by my mother.
আমার মায়ের দ্বারা খাবার রান্না হবে।
27
The teacher will teach us.
We will be taught by the teacher.
শিক্ষকের দ্বারা আমাদের পড়ানো হবে।
28
She will sing a song.
A song will be sung by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি গান গাওয়া হবে।
29
He will write a letter.
A letter will be written by him.
তার দ্বারা একটি চিঠি লেখা হবে।
30
They will clean the house.
The house will be cleaned by them.
তাদের দ্বারা ঘর পরিষ্কার করা হবে।
11. Word Power: Meaning & Bangla Pronunciation
Here is vocabulary related to Indefinite Active-Passive.
English Word
Part of Speech
Bangla Meaning
Pronunciation (Bangla)
active
Adjective
কর্তৃ
অ্যাক্টিভ
passive
Adjective
কর্ম
প্যাসিভ
voice
Noun
বাচ্য
ভয়েস
present
Adjective
বর্তমান
প্রেজেন্ট
past
Adjective
অতীত
পাস্ট
future
Adjective
ভবিষ্যৎ
ফিউচার
indefinite
Adjective
অনির্দিষ্ট/সাধারণ
ইনডেফিনিট
is
Auxiliary Verb
হয়
ইজ
am
Auxiliary Verb
হয়
অ্যাম
are
Auxiliary Verb
হয়
আর
was
Auxiliary Verb
হয়েছিল
ওয়াজ
were
Auxiliary Verb
হয়েছিল
ওয়্যার
will be
Auxiliary Phrase
হবে
উইল বি
by
Preposition
দ্বারা
বাই
not
Adverb
না
নট
eat / ate / eaten
Verb
খাওয়া
ইট / এইট / ইটেন
drink / drank / drunk
Verb
পান করা
ড্রিংক / ড্র্যাংক / ড্রাংক
play / played / played
Verb
খেলা
প্লে / প্লেড / প্লেড
read / read / read
Verb
পড়া
রিড / রেড / রেড
sing / sang / sung
Verb
গান গাওয়া
সিং / স্যাং / সাং
cook / cooked / cooked
Verb
রান্না করা
কুক / কুকড / কুকড
watch / watched / watched
Verb
দেখা
ওয়াচ / ওয়াচড / ওয়াচড
write / wrote / written
Verb
লেখা
রাইট / রোট / রিটেন
clean / cleaned / cleaned
Verb
পরিষ্কার করা
ক্লিন / ক্লিনড / ক্লিনড
teach / taught / taught
Verb
পড়ানো
টিচ / টট / টট
rice
Noun
ভাত
রাইস
book
Noun
বই
বুক
football
Noun
ফুটবল
ফুটবল
milk
Noun
দুধ
মিল্ক
TV
Noun
টিভি
টিভি
food
Noun
খাবার
ফুড
letter
Noun
চিঠি
লেটার
house
Noun
ঘর
হাউস
teacher
Noun
শিক্ষক
টিচার
mother
Noun
মা
মাদার
father
Noun
বাবা
ফাদার
brother
Noun
ভাই
ব্রাদার
sister
Noun
বোন
সিস্টার
baby
Noun
শিশু
বেবি
every day
Adverb Phrase
প্রতিদিন
এভরি ডে
yesterday
Adverb
গতকাল
ইয়েস্টারডে
tomorrow
Adverb
আগামীকাল
টুমরো
12. Phrasal Verbs in Indefinite Passive
Phrasal verbs can be used in Indefinite Passive. Here are examples.
Phrasal Verb
Bangla Meaning
Present Passive
Past Passive
Future Passive
turn on
চালু করা
The fan is turned on by him.
The fan was turned on by him.
The fan will be turned on by him.
turn off
বন্ধ করা
The TV is turned off by her.
The TV was turned off by her.
The TV will be turned off by her.
put on
পরা
His shoes are put on by him.
His shoes were put on by him.
His shoes will be put on by him.
take off
খোলা
Her coat is taken off by her.
Her coat was taken off by her.
Her coat will be taken off by her.
pick up
কুড়িয়ে নেওয়া
The ball is picked up by him.
The ball was picked up by him.
The ball will be picked up by him.
clean up
পরিষ্কার করা
The room is cleaned up by them.
The room was cleaned up by them.
The room will be cleaned up by them.
look after
যত্ন নেওয়া
Her brother is looked after by her.
Her brother was looked after by her.
Her brother will be looked after by her.
give up
ছেড়ে দেওয়া
Junk food is given up by her.
Junk food was given up by her.
Junk food will be given up by her.
13. Make Sentences Larger Step by Step
Kids can make indefinite active sentences larger and then change to passive in each tense.
Example 1: Present Indefinite
Step
Active
Passive
What is Added
Bangla Meaning
1
I eat rice.
Rice is eaten by me.
Basic
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয়।
2
I eat rice and fish.
Rice and fish are eaten by me.
Extra object
আমার দ্বারা ভাত ও মাছ খাওয়া হয়।
3
I eat rice and fish at noon.
Rice and fish are eaten by me at noon.
Time
দুপুরে আমার দ্বারা ভাত ও মাছ খাওয়া হয়।
4
I eat rice and fish at noon in the kitchen.
Rice and fish are eaten by me at noon in the kitchen.
Place
দুপুরে রান্নাঘরে আমার দ্বারা ভাত ও মাছ খাওয়া হয়।
5
I eat rice and fish at noon in the kitchen with my family.
Rice and fish are eaten by me at noon in the kitchen with my family.
Company
দুপুরে রান্নাঘরে আমার পরিবারের সঙ্গে আমার দ্বারা ভাত ও মাছ খাওয়া হয়।
Example 2: Past Indefinite
Step
Active
Passive
What is Added
Bangla Meaning
1
She read a book.
A book was read by her.
Basic
তার দ্বারা একটি বই পড়া হয়েছিল।
2
She read a storybook.
A storybook was read by her.
Specific object
তার দ্বারা একটি গল্পের বই পড়া হয়েছিল।
3
She read an interesting storybook.
An interesting storybook was read by her.
Adjective
তার দ্বারা একটি মজার গল্পের বই পড়া হয়েছিল।
4
She read an interesting storybook last night.
An interesting storybook was read by her last night.
Time
গত রাতে তার দ্বারা একটি মজার গল্পের বই পড়া হয়েছিল।
5
She read an interesting storybook last night in her room.
An interesting storybook was read by her last night in her room.
Place
গত রাতে তার ঘরে তার দ্বারা একটি মজার গল্পের বই পড়া হয়েছিল।
Example 3: Future Indefinite
Step
Active
Passive
What is Added
Bangla Meaning
1
He will play football.
Football will be played by him.
Basic
তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হবে।
2
He will play football in the field.
Football will be played by him in the field.
Place
মাঠে তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হবে।
3
He will play football in the big field.
Football will be played by him in the big field.
Adjective
বড় মাঠে তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হবে।
4
He will play football in the big field tomorrow afternoon.
Football will be played by him in the big field tomorrow afternoon.
Time
আগামীকাল বিকেলে বড় মাঠে তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হবে।
5
He will play football in the big field tomorrow afternoon with his friends.
Football will be played by him in the big field tomorrow afternoon with his friends.
Company
আগামীকাল বিকেলে বড় মাঠে তার বন্ধুদের সঙ্গে তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হবে।
14. Negative and WH Question Examples
Negative Sentences in Three Indefinite Tenses (Active and Passive)
Tense
Active Negative
Passive Negative
Bangla Meaning
Present
I do not eat rice.
Rice is not eaten by me.
আমার দ্বারা ভাত খাওয়া হয় না।
Past
She did not read a book.
A book was not read by her.
তার দ্বারা একটি বই পড়া হয়নি।
Future
He will not play football.
Football will not be played by him.
তার দ্বারা ফুটবল খেলা হবে না।
Interrogative Sentences in Three Indefinite Tenses (Active and Passive)
Tense
Active Question
Passive Question
Bangla Meaning
Present
Do you eat rice?
Is rice eaten by you?
তোমার দ্বারা কি ভাত খাওয়া হয়?
Past
Did she read a book?
Was a book read by her?
তার দ্বারা কি একটি বই পড়া হয়েছিল?
Future
Will he play football?
Will football be played by him?
তার দ্বারা কি ফুটবল খেলা হবে?
WH Questions in Passive
WH Question (Active)
WH Question (Passive)
Bangla Meaning
What do you eat? (Present)
What is eaten by you?
তোমার দ্বারা কী খাওয়া হয়?
What did she read? (Past)
What was read by her?
তার দ্বারা কী পড়া হয়েছিল?
Where will they play football? (Future)
Where will football be played by them?
তাদের দ্বারা কোথায় ফুটবল খেলা হবে?
Who sings this song? (Present)
By whom is this song sung?
কার দ্বারা এই গানটি গাওয়া হয়?
Why did he open the window? (Past)
Why was the window opened by him?
তার দ্বারা কেন জানালাটি খোলা হয়েছিল?
15. Exercise Section
Exercise 1: Identify Tense and Voice
Write the tense (Present/Past/Future Indefinite) and voice (Active/Passive) for each sentence.
Sentence
Tense
Voice
I eat rice.
Rice is eaten by me.
She read a book.
A book was read by her.
He will play football.
Football will be played by him.
Exercise 2: Change Active to Passive
Active
Passive
I eat rice. (Present)
She read a book. (Past)
He will play football. (Future)
We drink milk. (Present)
They watched TV. (Past)
My mother will cook food. (Future)
Exercise 3: Change Passive to Active
Passive
Active
Rice is eaten by me.
A book was read by her.
Football will be played by him.
Milk is drunk by us.
TV was watched by them.
Food will be cooked by my mother.
Exercise 4: Fill in the Blanks with Correct Be Verb (is/am/are/was/were/will be)
Rice ______ eaten by me. (Present)
A book ______ read by her. (Past)
Football ______ played by him. (Future)
Milk ______ drunk by us. (Present)
TV ______ watched by them. (Past)
The plants ______ watered by my sister. (Future)
Exercise 5: Change to Negative and Interrogative Passive
Passive Positive
Passive Negative
Passive Interrogative
Rice is eaten by me.
A book was read by her.
Football will be played by him.
Exercise 6: Change Modal Active to Passive
Active
Passive
She can sing a song.
He may open the door.
You must do your homework.
We should drink milk.
They could play football.
16. Answer Key
Exercise 1
Sentence
Tense
Voice
I eat rice.
Present Indefinite
Active
Rice is eaten by me.
Present Indefinite
Passive
She read a book.
Past Indefinite
Active
A book was read by her.
Past Indefinite
Passive
He will play football.
Future Indefinite
Active
Football will be played by him.
Future Indefinite
Passive
Exercise 2
Active
Passive
I eat rice. (Present)
Rice is eaten by me.
She read a book. (Past)
A book was read by her.
He will play football. (Future)
Football will be played by him.
We drink milk. (Present)
Milk is drunk by us.
They watched TV. (Past)
TV was watched by them.
My mother will cook food. (Future)
Food will be cooked by my mother.
Exercise 3
Passive
Active
Rice is eaten by me.
I eat rice.
A book was read by her.
She read a book.
Football will be played by him.
He will play football.
Milk is drunk by us.
We drink milk.
TV was watched by them.
They watched TV.
Food will be cooked by my mother.
My mother will cook food.
Exercise 4
is
was
will be
is
was
will be
Exercise 5
Passive Positive
Passive Negative
Passive Interrogative
Rice is eaten by me.
Rice is not eaten by me.
Is rice eaten by me?
A book was read by her.
A book was not read by her.
Was a book read by her?
Football will be played by him.
Football will not be played by him.
Will football be played by him?
Exercise 6
Active
Passive
She can sing a song.
A song can be sung by her.
He may open the door.
The door may be opened by him.
You must do your homework.
Your homework must be done by you.
We should drink milk.
Milk should be drunk by us.
They could play football.
Football could be played by them.
17. Conclusion
Great job, kids! Today you learned the Comparison of Active-Passive of Present, Past and Future Indefinite Tense. You know that Present uses is/am/are + V3, Past uses was/were + V3, and Future uses will be + V3. You practiced positive, negative, interrogative, imperative, optative, exclamatory, modals, contractions, built longer sentences step by step, and used phrasal verbs.
Remember:
Identify the tense by the auxiliary: is/are (Present), was/were (Past), will be (Future).
