1. Introduction
প্রিয় শিক্ষার্থী, আজ আমরা ইংরেজি ব্যাকরণের খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি Tense শিখব—Present Continuous Tense (ঘটমান বর্তমান কাল)। এই Tense দিয়ে বোঝানো হয় কোনো কাজ এখন ঘটছে বা চলছে। যেমন:
- I am eating rice. – আমি ভাত খাচ্ছি।
- She is reading a book. – সে একটি বই পড়ছে।
- They are playing football. – তারা ফুটবল খেলছে।
এই ক্লাসে তোমরা Present Continuous Tense-এর গঠন, ব্যবহার, positive, negative, interrogative বাক্য, ধাপে ধাপে বড় বাক্য তৈরি, phrasal verb এবং মজার exercise শিখবে।
Hello, kids! Welcome to ToLearnTeam.com. Today’s topic is Present Continuous Tense. You will learn how to talk about actions happening right now, make positive, negative, and interrogative sentences, build longer sentences step by step, and practice with fun exercises.
2. Learning Objectives
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:
- Understand what Present Continuous Tense is.
- Know its structure: Subject + am/is/are + verb + ing.
- Make Positive, Negative, and Interrogative sentences.
- Use am, is, are correctly with different subjects.
- Identify actions happening now.
- Build longer sentences by adding objects, places, time, and company.
- Learn 30 daily life examples with Bangla meaning and pronunciation.
- Practice with fun exercises.
3. What is Present Continuous Tense?
Present Continuous Tense (ঘটমান বর্তমান কাল) is used for actions that are happening now or at the moment of speaking.
Examples:
| Sentence | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|
| I am reading a book. | আমি একটি বই পড়ছি। |
| She is singing a song. | সে একটি গান গাইছে। |
| He is playing football. | সে ফুটবল খেলছে। |
| We are drinking milk. | আমরা দুধ পান করছি। |
| They are watching TV. | তারা টিভি দেখছে। |
| The cat is sleeping. | বিড়ালটি ঘুমাচ্ছে। |
Important:
- Use am with I.
- Use is with He, She, It.
- Use are with You, We, They.
- Add -ing to the main verb.
4. Structure of Present Continuous Tense
Rule 1: Positive Sentence (Affirmative)
Subject + am/is/are + verb + ing + Object/Complement
| Subject | Auxiliary | Verb + ing | Object | Full Sentence | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | am | eating | rice | I am eating rice. | আমি ভাত খাচ্ছি। |
| You | are | playing | football | You are playing football. | তুমি ফুটবল খেলছ। |
| He | is | reading | a book | He is reading a book. | সে একটি বই পড়ছে। |
| She | is | singing | a song | She is singing a song. | সে একটি গান গাইছে। |
| It | is | drinking | milk | It is drinking milk. | এটি দুধ পান করছে। |
| We | are | watching | TV | We are watching TV. | আমরা টিভি দেখছি। |
| They | are | sleeping | now | They are sleeping now. | তারা এখন ঘুমাচ্ছে। |
Rule 2: Negative Sentence
Subject + am/is/are + not + verb + ing + Object
| Positive | Negative | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I am reading. | I am not reading. | আমি পড়ছি না। |
| She is singing. | She is not singing. | সে গান গাইছে না। |
| He is playing. | He is not playing. | সে খেলছে না। |
| We are eating. | We are not eating. | আমরা খাচ্ছি না। |
| They are sleeping. | They are not sleeping. | তারা ঘুমাচ্ছে না। |
Rule 3: Interrogative Sentence
Am/Is/Are + Subject + verb + ing + Object + ?
| Interrogative | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|
| Am I reading? | আমি কি পড়ছি? |
| Is she singing? | সে কি গান গাইছে? |
| Is he playing? | সে কি খেলছে? |
| Are we eating? | আমরা কি খাচ্ছি? |
| Are they sleeping? | তারা কি ঘুমাচ্ছে? |
Rule 4: Interrogative-Negative Sentence
Am/Is/Are + Subject + not + verb + ing + Object + ? or Isn’t/Aren’t + Subject + verb + ing + Object + ?
| Interrogative-Negative | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|
| Are you not reading? / Aren’t you reading? | তুমি কি পড়ছ না? |
| Is she not singing? / Isn’t she singing? | সে কি গান গাইছে না? |
| Are they not playing? / Aren’t they playing? | তারা কি খেলছে না? |
5. Uses of Present Continuous Tense
We use Present Continuous Tense for:
5.1 Actions happening now (এখন ঘটছে এমন কাজ)
| Sentence | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|
| I am doing my homework now. | আমি এখন বাড়ির কাজ করছি। |
| She is cooking in the kitchen. | সে রান্নাঘরে রান্না করছে। |
| He is riding a bicycle. | সে সাইকেল চালাচ্ছে। |
| They are playing in the park. | তারা পার্কে খেলছে। |
5.2 Temporary actions (অস্থায়ী কাজ)
| Sentence | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|
| We are staying at my uncle’s house this week. | আমরা এই সপ্তাহে আমার চাচার বাড়িতে আছি। |
| She is learning to swim these days. | সে এই দিনগুলোতে সাঁতার শিখছে। |
5.3 Near future plans (অদূর ভবিষ্যৎ পরিকল্পনা)
| Sentence | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|
| I am going to school tomorrow. | আমি আগামীকাল স্কুলে যাচ্ছি। |
| They are coming to my house this evening. | তারা আজ সন্ধ্যায় আমার বাড়িতে আসছে। |
6. Positive, Negative, Interrogative Sentences
Here you will learn the three forms with examples.
Positive
| Sentence | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|
| I am eating rice. | আমি ভাত খাচ্ছি। |
| You are reading a book. | তুমি একটি বই পড়ছ। |
| He is playing football. | সে ফুটবল খেলছে। |
| She is singing a song. | সে একটি গান গাইছে। |
| It is drinking milk. | এটি দুধ পান করছে। |
| We are watching TV. | আমরা টিভি দেখছি। |
| They are sleeping. | তারা ঘুমাচ্ছে। |
Negative
| Positive | Negative | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I am eating rice. | I am not eating rice. | আমি ভাত খাচ্ছি না। |
| You are reading a book. | You are not reading a book. | তুমি একটি বই পড়ছ না। |
| He is playing football. | He is not playing football. | সে ফুটবল খেলছে না। |
| She is singing a song. | She is not singing a song. | সে একটি গান গাইছে না। |
| It is drinking milk. | It is not drinking milk. | এটি দুধ পান করছে না। |
| We are watching TV. | We are not watching TV. | আমরা টিভি দেখছি না। |
| They are sleeping. | They are not sleeping. | তারা ঘুমাচ্ছে না। |
Interrogative
| Interrogative | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|
| Am I eating rice? | আমি কি ভাত খাচ্ছি? |
| Are you reading a book? | তুমি কি একটি বই পড়ছ? |
| Is he playing football? | সে কি ফুটবল খেলছে? |
| Is she singing a song? | সে কি একটি গান গাইছে? |
| Is it drinking milk? | এটি কি দুধ পান করছে? |
| Are we watching TV? | আমরা কি টিভি দেখছি? |
| Are they sleeping? | তারা কি ঘুমাচ্ছে? |
7. Present Continuous vs Past Continuous vs Future Continuous
Although today we focus on Present Continuous, it is good to compare with Past and Future Continuous.
| Tense | Structure | Example | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present Continuous | Subject + am/is/are + verb+ing | I am eating rice. | আমি ভাত খাচ্ছি। |
| Past Continuous | Subject + was/were + verb+ing | I was eating rice. | আমি ভাত খাচ্ছিলাম। |
| Future Continuous | Subject + will be + verb+ing | I will be eating rice. | আমি ভাত খেতে থাকব। |
Present Continuous vs Past Continuous vs Future Continuous Examples:
| Tense | Positive | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present Continuous | She is singing. | She is not singing. | Is she singing? |
| Past Continuous | She was singing. | She was not singing. | Was she singing? |
| Future Continuous | She will be singing. | She will not be singing. | Will she be singing? |
8. 30 Daily Life Examples with Bangla Meaning
Here are 30 daily life examples in Present Continuous Tense. Each has Bangla meaning.
| # | Sentence | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I am eating rice. | আমি ভাত খাচ্ছি। |
| 2 | I am drinking milk. | আমি দুধ পান করছি। |
| 3 | I am doing my homework. | আমি আমার বাড়ির কাজ করছি। |
| 4 | I am reading a book. | আমি একটি বই পড়ছি। |
| 5 | I am brushing my teeth. | আমি দাঁত ব্রাশ করছি। |
| 6 | You are playing football. | তুমি ফুটবল খেলছ। |
| 7 | You are watching TV. | তুমি টিভি দেখছ। |
| 8 | She is singing a beautiful song. | সে একটি সুন্দর গান গাইছে। |
| 9 | She is cooking food. | সে খাবার রান্না করছে। |
| 10 | She is watering the plants. | সে গাছে পানি দিচ্ছে। |
| 11 | He is playing cricket. | সে ক্রিকেট খেলছে। |
| 12 | He is riding a bicycle. | সে সাইকেল চালাচ্ছে। |
| 13 | He is writing a letter. | সে একটি চিঠি লিখছে। |
| 14 | It is drinking milk. | এটি দুধ পান করছে। |
| 15 | The cat is sleeping under the table. | বিড়ালটি টেবিলের নিচে ঘুমাচ্ছে। |
| 16 | The dog is barking loudly. | কুকুরটি জোরে ঘেউ ঘেউ করছে। |
| 17 | The sun is shining brightly. | সূর্য উজ্জ্বলভাবে আলো দিচ্ছে। |
| 18 | The birds are flying in the sky. | পাখিরা আকাশে উড়ছে। |
| 19 | We are drinking milk. | আমরা দুধ পান করছি। |
| 20 | We are cleaning the house. | আমরা ঘর পরিষ্কার করছি। |
| 21 | We are playing in the park. | আমরা পার্কে খেলছি। |
| 22 | They are watching TV. | তারা টিভি দেখছে। |
| 23 | They are going to school. | তারা স্কুলে যাচ্ছে। |
| 24 | My mother is cooking delicious food. | আমার মা সুস্বাদু খাবার রান্না করছেন। |
| 25 | My father is reading newspaper. | আমার বাবা খবরের কাগজ পড়ছেন। |
| 26 | My sister is drawing a picture. | আমার বোন একটি ছবি আঁকছে। |
| 27 | My brother is sleeping now. | আমার ভাই এখন ঘুমাচ্ছে। |
| 28 | The teacher is speaking English. | শিক্ষক ইংরেজি বলছেন। |
| 29 | The baby is crying. | শিশুটি কাঁদছে। |
| 30 | I am not eating rice now. | আমি এখন ভাত খাচ্ছি না। |
9. Word Power: Meaning & Bangla Pronunciation
Here is vocabulary related to Present Continuous Tense.
| English Word | Part of Speech | Bangla Meaning | Pronunciation (Bangla) |
|---|---|---|---|
| am | Auxiliary Verb | আছি | অ্যাম |
| is | Auxiliary Verb | আছে/হচ্ছে | ইজ |
| are | Auxiliary Verb | আছ/হচ্ছ | আর |
| not | Adverb | না | নট |
| eating | Verb (ing) | খাচ্ছি | ইটিং |
| drinking | Verb (ing) | পান করছি | ড্রিংকিং |
| playing | Verb (ing) | খেলছি | প্লেয়িং |
| reading | Verb (ing) | পড়ছি | রিডিং |
| sleeping | Verb (ing) | ঘুমাচ্ছি | স্লিপিং |
| singing | Verb (ing) | গান গাইছি | সিংগিং |
| cooking | Verb (ing) | রান্না করছি | কুকিং |
| watching | Verb (ing) | দেখছি | ওয়াচিং |
| writing | Verb (ing) | লিখছি | রাইটিং |
| riding | Verb (ing) | চালাচ্ছি | রাইডিং |
| watering | Verb (ing) | পানি দিচ্ছি | ওয়াটারিং |
| drawing | Verb (ing) | আঁকছি | ড্রয়িং |
| barking | Verb (ing) | ঘেউ ঘেউ করছে | বার্কিং |
| shining | Verb (ing) | আলো দিচ্ছে | শাইনিং |
| flying | Verb (ing) | উড়ছে | ফ্লাইং |
| cleaning | Verb (ing) | পরিষ্কার করছি | ক্লিনিং |
| going | Verb (ing) | যাচ্ছি | গোয়িং |
| crying | Verb (ing) | কাঁদছে | ক্রাইং |
| speaking | Verb (ing) | বলছি | স্পিকিং |
| homework | Noun | বাড়ির কাজ | হোমওয়ার্ক |
| book | Noun | বই | বুক |
| rice | Noun | ভাত | রাইস |
| milk | Noun | দুধ | মিল্ক |
| football | Noun | ফুটবল | ফুটবল |
| cricket | Noun | ক্রিকেট | ক্রিকেট |
| TV | Noun | টিভি | টিভি |
| song | Noun | গান | সং |
| letter | Noun | চিঠি | লেটার |
| bicycle | Noun | সাইকেল | বাইসাইকেল |
| plants | Noun | গাছ | প্ল্যান্টস |
| cat | Noun | বিড়াল | ক্যাট |
| dog | Noun | কুকুর | ডগ |
| sun | Noun | সূর্য | সান |
| birds | Noun | পাখি | বার্ডস |
| sky | Noun | আকাশ | স্কাই |
| school | Noun | স্কুল | স্কুল |
| house | Noun | ঘর | হাউস |
| park | Noun | পার্ক | পার্ক |
| mother | Noun | মা | মাদার |
| father | Noun | বাবা | ফাদার |
| sister | Noun | বোন | সিস্টার |
| brother | Noun | ভাই | ব্রাদার |
| teacher | Noun | শিক্ষক | টিচার |
| baby | Noun | শিশু | বেবি |
| now | Adverb | এখন | নাউ |
| today | Adverb | আজ | টুডে |
10. Phrasal Verbs in Present Continuous Tense
Phrasal verbs can be used in Present Continuous. Here are useful examples.
| Phrasal Verb | Bangla Meaning | Example Sentence | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| wake up | ঘুম থেকে ওঠা | I am waking up now. | আমি এখন ঘুম থেকে উঠছি। |
| get up | বিছানা ছেড়ে ওঠা | She is getting up from bed. | সে বিছানা থেকে উঠছে। |
| sit down | বসা | They are sitting down. | তারা বসছে। |
| stand up | দাঁড়ানো | He is standing up. | সে দাঁড়াচ্ছে। |
| put on | পরা | She is putting on her shoes. | সে তার জুতা পরছে। |
| take off | খোলা | He is taking off his hat. | সে তার টুপি খুলছে। |
| turn on | চালু করা | Father is turning on the fan. | বাবা ফ্যান চালু করছেন। |
| turn off | বন্ধ করা | Mother is turning off the TV. | মা টিভি বন্ধ করছেন। |
| look for | খোঁজা | I am looking for my pencil. | আমি আমার পেন্সিল খুঁজছি। |
| look after | যত্ন নেওয়া | She is looking after her brother. | সে তার ভাইয়ের যত্ন নিচ্ছে। |
| pick up | কুড়িয়ে নেওয়া | He is picking up the ball. | সে বলটি কুড়িয়ে নিচ্ছে। |
| clean up | পরিষ্কার করা | We are cleaning up the room. | আমরা ঘর পরিষ্কার করছি। |
| give up | ছেড়ে দেওয়া | She is giving up junk food. | সে জাঙ্ক ফুড ছেড়ে দিচ্ছে। |
| come back | ফিরে আসা | He is coming back home. | সে বাড়ি ফিরে আসছে। |
| go out | বাইরে যাওয়া | They are going out to play. | তারা বাইরে খেলতে যাচ্ছে। |
11. Make Sentences Larger Step by Step
Kids can make Present Continuous sentences larger by adding extra objects, places, time, and company.
Example 1: Build “I am eating rice.”
| Step | Sentence | What is Added | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I am eating rice. | Basic | আমি ভাত খাচ্ছি। |
| 2 | I am eating rice and fish. | Extra object | আমি ভাত ও মাছ খাচ্ছি। |
| 3 | I am eating rice and fish now. | Time | আমি এখন ভাত ও মাছ খাচ্ছি। |
| 4 | I am eating rice and fish now in the kitchen. | Place | আমি এখন রান্নাঘরে ভাত ও মাছ খাচ্ছি। |
| 5 | I am eating rice and fish now in the kitchen with my family. | Company | আমি এখন রান্নাঘরে আমার পরিবারের সঙ্গে ভাত ও মাছ খাচ্ছি। |
Word-by-word meaning for Step 5:
| Word | Bangla Meaning | Pronunciation (Bangla) |
|---|---|---|
| I | আমি | আই |
| am | আছি | অ্যাম |
| eating | খাচ্ছি | ইটিং |
| rice | ভাত | রাইস |
| and | এবং | অ্যান্ড |
| fish | মাছ | ফিশ |
| now | এখন | নাউ |
| in | এ/তে | ইন |
| the | টি | দি |
| kitchen | রান্নাঘর | কিচেন |
| with | সঙ্গে | উইথ |
| my | আমার | মাই |
| family | পরিবার | ফ্যামিলি |
Example 2: Build “She is reading a book.”
| Step | Sentence | What is Added | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She is reading a book. | Basic | সে একটি বই পড়ছে। |
| 2 | She is reading a storybook. | Specific object | সে একটি গল্পের বই পড়ছে। |
| 3 | She is reading an interesting storybook. | Adjective | সে একটি মজার গল্পের বই পড়ছে। |
| 4 | She is reading an interesting storybook in her room. | Place | সে তার ঘরে একটি মজার গল্পের বই পড়ছে। |
| 5 | She is reading an interesting storybook in her room now. | Time | সে এখন তার ঘরে একটি মজার গল্পের বই পড়ছে। |
Example 3: Build “He is playing football.”
| Step | Sentence | What is Added | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He is playing football. | Basic | সে ফুটবল খেলছে। |
| 2 | He is playing football in the field. | Place | সে মাঠে ফুটবল খেলছে। |
| 3 | He is playing football in the big field. | Adjective | সে বড় মাঠে ফুটবল খেলছে। |
| 4 | He is playing football in the big field now. | Time | সে এখন বড় মাঠে ফুটবল খেলছে। |
| 5 | He is playing football in the big field now with his friends. | Company | সে এখন বড় মাঠে তার বন্ধুদের সঙ্গে ফুটবল খেলছে। |
Example 4: Build “We are drinking milk.”
| Step | Sentence | What is Added | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | We are drinking milk. | Basic | আমরা দুধ পান করছি। |
| 2 | We are drinking warm milk. | Adjective | আমরা গরম দুধ পান করছি। |
| 3 | We are drinking warm milk in the morning. | Time | আমরা সকালে গরম দুধ পান করছি। |
| 4 | We are drinking warm milk slowly in the morning. | Manner | আমরা সকালে ধীরে ধীরে গরম দুধ পান করছি। |
| 5 | We are drinking warm milk slowly in the morning with our parents. | Company | আমরা সকালে আমাদের বাবা-মায়ের সঙ্গে ধীরে ধীরে গরম দুধ পান করছি। |
12. Negative and WH Question Examples
Negative Sentences
| Positive | Negative | Bangla Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I am eating rice. | I am not eating rice. | আমি ভাত খাচ্ছি না। |
| She is singing. | She is not singing. | সে গান গাইছে না। |
| He is playing. | He is not playing. | সে খেলছে না। |
| We are watching TV. | We are not watching TV. | আমরা টিভি দেখছি না। |
| They are sleeping. | They are not sleeping. | তারা ঘুমাচ্ছে না। |
| The cat is drinking milk. | The cat is not drinking milk. | বিড়ালটি দুধ পান করছে না। |
WH Questions
| WH Question | Bangla Meaning | Answer |
|---|---|---|
| What are you doing? | তুমি কী করছ? | I am reading a book. |
| Where is she going? | সে কোথায় যাচ্ছে? | She is going to school. |
| When are they coming? | তারা কখন আসছে? | They are coming in the evening. |
| Why is he crying? | সে কেন কাঁদছে? | He is crying because he is sad. |
| How are you feeling? | তুমি কেমন অনুভব করছ? | I am feeling good. |
| Which book are you reading? | তুমি কোন বই পড়ছ? | I am reading this storybook. |
| Who is singing? | কে গান গাইছে? | Rina is singing. |
13. Exercise Section
Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks with am/is/are
- I ______ eating rice.
- She ______ singing a song.
- He ______ playing football.
- We ______ drinking milk.
- They ______ watching TV.
- The cat ______ sleeping.
- You ______ reading a book.
Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks with verb + ing
Fill in with the correct -ing form of the verb in brackets.
- I am ______ (eat) rice.
- She is ______ (sing) a song.
- He is ______ (play) football.
- We are ______ (drink) milk.
- They are ______ (watch) TV.
- The dog is ______ (bark).
Exercise 3: Change Positive to Negative and Interrogative
| Positive | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|
| I am eating rice. | ||
| She is singing a song. | ||
| He is playing football. | ||
| We are drinking milk. | ||
| They are watching TV. |
Exercise 4: Make Sentences Larger Step by Step
Start with “I am eating rice.” and add words step by step.
Example: I am eating rice. → I am eating rice and fish. → I am eating rice and fish now. → I am eating rice and fish now in the kitchen.
Now try with “She is reading a book.”
Exercise 5: Match the Subject with Correct Auxiliary Verb
| Subject | Auxiliary Verb |
|---|---|
| 1. I | a. is |
| 2. She | b. are |
| 3. He | c. am |
| 4. We | d. is |
| 5. They | e. are |
Exercise 6: Write Your Own
Write 5 sentences in Present Continuous Tense about what is happening around you right now. Underline the verb + ing.
14. Answer Key
Exercise 1
- am
- is
- is
- are
- are
- is
- are
Exercise 2
- eating
- singing
- playing
- drinking
- watching
- barking
Exercise 3
| Positive | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|
| I am eating rice. | I am not eating rice. | Am I eating rice? |
| She is singing a song. | She is not singing a song. | Is she singing a song? |
| He is playing football. | He is not playing football. | Is he playing football? |
| We are drinking milk. | We are not drinking milk. | Are we drinking milk? |
| They are watching TV. | They are not watching TV. | Are they watching TV? |
Exercise 4
(Student’s own answer. Example: She is reading a book. → She is reading a storybook. → She is reading an interesting storybook. → She is reading an interesting storybook in her room. → She is reading an interesting storybook in her room now.)
Exercise 5
1 → c
2 → a
3 → d
4 → b
5 → e
Exercise 6
(Student’s own answer.)
15. Conclusion
Great job, kids! Today you learned Present Continuous Tense. You know that we use it for actions happening now. The structure is Subject + am/is/are + verb + ing. You practiced making positive, negative, and interrogative sentences, built longer sentences step by step, and used phrasal verbs.
Remember:
- Use am with I, is with he/she/it, are with you/we/they.
- Add -ing to the main verb.
- Use now, at the moment, today with Present Continuous.
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